Saturday, March 1, 2025

Who Is Vladimir Putin?

 

Who Is Vladimir Putin?

March 1, 2025

I wonder how many Americans really understand who Vladimir Putin is and what he has done to Russia, never mind what he's doing to Ukraine. Putin became president of the Russian Federation on Jan. 1, 2000. He has been the head of the Russian government, either directly or somewhat indirectly, ever since. When he became president, he was nobody. He had been a quite low-level KGB officer in Dresden, Germany. He worked for a progressive (by Russian standards at least) mayor of what was then still Leningrad, then went to Moscow, where he quickly became the head of the KGB's successor, the FSB. Russian president Boris Yeltsin made him the country's prime minister in 1999. He became president when Yeltsin resigned on Jan. 1, 2000. He was elected to his own first term as president shortly thereafter.

When Putin first became head of the Russian government, it was not obvious that he would turn out to be what he turned out to be. He was essentially nobody. There is an assumption that Yeltsin chose Putin as his successor because Putin promised to pardon Yeltsin and his family for the crimes they committed while Yeltsin was in office, something Putin promptly did after becoming president. In 2000, Russia had been free of the Soviet Communists for less than ten years. There was some hope that the country might develop in a more western, democratic direction than it ever had before. It became obvious after not too long that that was not going to happen. Both Yeltsin and Putin threw their lot in with the new Russian oligarchs who had become immensely rich taking advantage of the privatization of what had been government-owned entitles like huge oil and mining companies. In fairly short order, Putin forced out or took over any media outlets that didn’t support him and established control over all of Russia’s broadcast outlets. The Russian people have no domestic news source that Putin does not control. He got himself reelected several times in elections that were obviously rigged. He has now proceeded to squelch all opposition in Russia. He has murdered prominent opponents, including most notably Alexei Navalny, an opponent who may have been Russia’s best hope for the development of a democracy.

Vladimir Putin is a Russian fascist. He has maneuvered himself into a position of complete control of the country. One of the major ways in which he has done to is by aligning himself closely with the Russian Orthodox Church, whose Patriarch obediently echoes whatever the Kremlin’s line may be on any issue including the invasion of Ukraine. Putin is not a Communist, but he has called the collapse of the USSR the greatest geopolitical disaster of the twentieth century.[1] He has also developed a national ideology that has been a key part of his staying in power. He works to set Russia up as the world’s alternative to what he calls decadent western culture and democracy. As part of that effort, he has enacted measures that oppress Russia’s gay and lesbian people. He claims to represent traditional family values (sound familiar?), values which are, by western standards, extremely conservative.

As part of his effort to set Russia up as a world power in opposition to the US, which of course is what the USSR was, he has worked to turn the Russian people against the west and its cultural values. As part of that effort, he has claimed over and over again that NATO is an anti-Russian organization that would conquer Russia if it thought it could. He has cried foul again and again over NATO’s expansion eastward, especially over the inclusion of the former Soviet republics of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in that US led alliance.[2] He has declared Ukraine joining NATO to be a red line that the west must not cross. His fear that Ukraine might join NATO and the European Union are among the reasons he invaded Ukraine in 2002.

It is not, however, the only reason and probably aren’t the major reason he did so. Putin has taken up a line about the Russian people that directly echoes Hitler’s line about the German people in significant ways. There are lots and lots of Russian people who do not live in Russia. They live all over what used to be the USSR. The Russians were the dominant people in the USSR by far, and they spread all over that huge country to work and to live. Putin wants to reunite them all in Russia the same way Hitler wanted to unite all Germans in Germany. As part of that effort, Putin has claimed again and again that Ukrainians are really Russians and that he has the right to incorporate Ukraine into Russia so that the Russian people aren’t so divided. He’s flat wrong about that. The Ukrainians have their own language. It is related to Russian, but it is not Russian. Linguists recognize both Russian and Ukrainian as related but different East Slavic languages. The Ukrainians have their own history, a history which includes very long periods of time when much of what is today Ukraine was ruled by European powers, especially Poland and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, that are considerably more western than Russia is.[3]

It is true, in a sense at least, that Russian civilization began in Kyiv, the city which is and long has been the capital of Ukraine. But that was a very long time ago, in the tenth and eleventh centuries CE. By the mid-thirteenth century CE, after the Mongols sacked Kyiv, the center of Russian culture and of Russian political power had moved hundreds of miles to the northeast of Kyiv, to the cities of Vladimir, Suzdal, and, eventually, Moscow.[4] The Russians didn’t control any of what is now Ukraine for centuries thereafter. Russia’s occupation of Ukraine became complete only in the late eighteenth century CE under Catherine the Great, who was German not Russian, but never mind. Putin here is echoing the contention and practice of the imperial Russian government toward Ukraine before 1917. The imperial government never recognized Ukrainian as a language separate from Russian. At times it banned the publication of anything in Ukrainian and the use of Ukrainian in governmental administration and education. Putin’s claims about Ukraine have a long history in Russia. They have none in Ukraine. Ukrainians today insist that they are not Russians, which they aren’t, and that they never want to come under Russia’s thumb again.

Vladimir Putin is clearly a Russian fascist. By that I mean that he has established essentially one person rule across that vast nation and has eliminated essentially all opposition to that rule, which is, of course, his. His claims about Ukraine are clearly fascist. They are direct parallels to what Hitler claimed about Germans living outside Germany except that the Austrians and the Sudeten Germans really were of German language and culture while the Ukrainians really are not Russians at all. Hitler took the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia with the consent of the western European powers. He invaded and conquered the rest of Czechoslovakia not long thereafter. He occupied Austria without violent resistance and quickly incorporated it into the German Reich. Putin has invaded Ukraine under the same pretext that Hitler used in those aggressive acts of expansion, or at least most of them. He has initiated an unprovoked war of aggression against Ukraine the same way Hitler initiated an unprovoked war of aggression against Poland.[5]

Vladimir Putin is who Donald Trump wants to be. Trump is an American fascist, and he wants to be an American fascist dictator. He has Putin’s complete support in that effort. We’ll never know for sure, but Putin may well be responsible for Trump’s victory in the 2016 US presidential election. Trump plays into Putin’s had at nearly every turn. He wants to pull the US out of NATO, NATO being a bête noir for Putin. Trump is flipping the US from Ukraine’s side in its war against Russia to the Russian side, something that must have Putin dancing for joy in the halls of the Kremlin’s various palaces. So far, as far as we know, Trump hasn’t murdered any opponents the way Putin has. Trump is, after all, working in an American context while Putin works in the very, very different Russian context.[6] Nonetheless, Trump has set out to destroy any institution of our federal government that could in any way stand in opposition to him. Though he hasn’t committed any atrocities like the one the Nazis committed at Babi Yar or built any death camps the way the Germans did, Trump uses America’s immigrant population much the same way Hitler used the Jews and Putin uses the west. In both of those cases, a dictator has blamed people for their country’s problems that those people simply did not and do not create. Trump isn’t yet a dictator (though it’s not clear that he knows it), but he blames immigrants in our country for things they simply are not responsible for, and he accuses them of dastardly acts that few if any of them commit.

I seriously doubt that Donald Trump knows the first thing about the differences between the Russian context and the American context. Rather, he sees Putin unequivocally as his role model, as the man he wants to become. Putin is a Russian fascist who has created a fascist Russia. Trump is an American fascist who wants to create a fascist America and will create one if we don’t stop him. Folks, the way Trump fawns over Putin should set off alarm bells in every American. It is a tragedy that it doesn’t.



[1] This is a blatantly absurd claim in any event, but it being made in a country that suffered between twenty and thirty million casualties in World War II is simply stunning.

[2] At least, it was US led until Donald Trump became US president. Trump wants to scuttle NATO precisely because Putin hates it. And, by the way, I too think bringing former Soviet republics into NATO is foolhardy, for if Putin attacked one of them, we would be a war with Russia.

[3] This is more true of western Ukraine than it is of eastern Ukraine, where the population is more Russian than it is in the west. The most western parts of Ukraine came under Russian control only as a result of World War II when Stalin took them from Czechoslovakia and other nations.

[4] I don’t think anyone should go to Russia these days, but the cities of Vladimir and Suzdal, both north or northeast of Moscow, are otherwise well worth the trip. They have the greatest old Russian architecture still in existence.

[5] Hitler didn’t invade Poland because there were lots of Germans there who he wanted to incorporate into his Reich. He did it because he intended to murder or enslave the Slavic people of eastern Europe, including the Poles and the Ukrainians, to create “Lebensraum,” living space, for the Germans.

[6] The United States has a democratic tradition, Russia doesn’t. That is one of the main differences between the two countries.

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